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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-4-336-354</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Охрана природы в Израиле</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Environment Protection in Israel</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орловский</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlovsky</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай С. Орловский, доктор географических наук</p><p>84990, Израиль, Седе-Бокер Кампус</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nicolai S. Orlovsky </p><p>Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicolai@bgu.ac.il</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орловская</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlovsky</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лия Г. Орловская</p><p>84990, Израиль, Седе-Бокер Кампус</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leah G. Orlovsky</p><p>Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicolai@bgu.ac.il</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зонн</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zonn</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь С. Зонн, доктор географических наук, академик РАЕН</p><p>115432, Россия, Москва, Кожуховский проезд, д. 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor S. Zonn, Doctor of Geography, Academician of RANS</p><p>bld. 12/1, Koguchovski str., Moscow, 115432, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zonnis@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт изучения пустынь им. Блауштейна Университета Негев им. Бен-Гуриона<country>Израиль</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev<country>Israel</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский Университет им. С.Ю. Витте<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Moscow Vitte S.Yu. University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>336</fpage><lpage>354</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орловский Н.С., Орловская Л.Г., Зонн И.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орловский Н.С., Орловская Л.Г., Зонн И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlovsky N.S., Orlovsky L.G., Zonn I.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/212">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/212</self-uri><abstract><p>В такой стране, как Израиль, с высокими темпами индустриализации и урбанизации, охрана природы играет важную роль в обеспечении биоразнообразия природной среды. Признание необходимости защиты драгоценных природных и ландшафтных ресурсов Израиля привело к принятию многочисленных законов об охране природы и диких животных. Эти законы обеспечивают юридическое обоснование деятельности по защите окружающей среды, природных ресурсов, диких животных, уникальных уголков природы и мест, представляющих научный и образовательный интерес в Израиле.</p><p>Географическое положение Израиля на стыке трех континентов, а также соединение различных климатических и ботанических регионов, привели к возникновению уникального по своему обилию и составу растительного и животного мира. Богатство биологического разнообразия Израиля выражается в 2800 видах растений (150 из которых эндемики Израиля), 8 видах земноводных, 80 видах рептилий, 450 видов птиц и 70 видов млекопитающих. Для охраны биоразнообразия природной среды на территории Израиля образовано 224 природных заповедников и 203 национальных парков. В результате около 23% территории Израиля являются охраняемыми природными заповедниками и национальными парками. Вместе заповедники и парки представляют весь спектр природного наследия Израиля — средиземноморские леса, прибрежные и водные ландшафты, песчаные дюны, пустынные и кратерные пейзажи и оазисы — а также его уникальное археологическое и историческое наследие.</p><p>В последние годы правительственные и общественные организации сосредоточили внимание на разработке программ управления окружающей средой для мониторинга и обеспечения необходимого качества воды, воздуха, переработки и утилизации твердых отходов. Впечатляющие достижения были сделаны в таких областях, как реинтродукция хищных и библейских видов, защита морских черепах, подтопление долины Хула и сохранение перелетных птиц. Инициативы правительства сопровождались растущим участием общественности. Экологическое образование, осведомленность и активность общественности значительно возросли, о чем свидетельствует резкий рост числа неправительственных экологических организаций — от единиц в начале 90-х годов до более ста в настоящее время. Уделяется больше внимания сбору и публикации экологических данных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In such country as Israel with its high industrialization and urbanization rates the environment protection is of key importance for preserving the biodiversity of nature. Awareness of the need to protect precious natural resources and landscapes of Israel forced to pass numerous laws on protection of nature and wild animals. These laws provide legal basis for protection of environment, natural resources, wild animals, unique nature features and places being of scientific and educational value in this country.</p><p>Israel locates at the juncture of three continents combining different climatic and botanical regions which have led to appearance of the unique, by diversity and composition, plant and animal world. In Israel you can find 2800 plant varieties (of which 150 are endemics), 8 species of amphibia, 80 species of reptiles, 450 species of birds and 70 species of mammals. For protection of natural biodiversity there were established 224 nature preserves and 203 and historical heritage deserves special mention.</p><p>In the recent years the governmental and public organizations have focused on development of the programs on environment management for monitoring and ensuring the required quality of water and air and for processing and utilization of solid wastes.</p><p>Quite spectacular achievements are observed in reintroduction of predatory and bible species, protection of sea turtles, impoundment of the Hula valley and preservation of migratory birds. The government’s initiatives were welcomed by the public that joined in national parks which cover around 23% of the territory of Israel. The nature preserves and national parks represent the whole range of the natural heritage of Israel: Mediterranean forests, coastal and water landscapes, sand dunes, desert and crater landscapes and oases, while the unique archeological these activities. The environmental education, awareness and activities of the society have increased enormously which is proved by the growing number of nongovernmental environmental organizations — from a few in the 1990s to over one hundred nowadays. The greater attention is paid to collection and publication of environmental data.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>охрана природы</kwd><kwd>заповедники</kwd><kwd>национальные парки</kwd><kwd>экообразование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nature conservation</kwd><kwd>reserves</kwd><kwd>national parks</kwd><kwd>ecoeducation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gabbay S. Nature Conservation in: Israel Environment &amp; Nature. 2018. URL: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/nature-conservation-in-israel (дата обращения: 16.08.2019)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gabbay S. 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