postsovietПроблемы постсоветского пространстваPost-Soviet Issues2313-89202587-8174The Centre of Regional Research10.24975/2313-8920-2020-7-4-429-444postsoviet-265Research ArticleМЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКАINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL POLICYСтратегические документы арктических государствThe Strategic documents of the Arctic statesДорошенкоИ. С.DoroshenkoI. S.

Игорь С. Дорошенко

191187, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Кутузова, д. 34

Igor S. Doroshenko

Bld. 34, Kutuzova emb., Saint-Petersburg, 191187

is.doroshenko@gmail.comПредставительство Министерства иностранных дел России в Санкт-ПетербургеРоссияThe Representative of the Foreign Ministry of the Russian Federation in Saint-Petersburg,Russian Federation20201501202174429444Copyright © Дорошенко И.С., 20212021Дорошенко И.С.Doroshenko I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/265

В статье представлен анализ актуальных стратегических документов 8 стран, которые являются постоянными членами Арктического Совета (Норвегия, Швеция, Дания, Финляндия, Исландия, Канада, США, Россия). Учитывая современные тенденции в динамичном освоении арктического региона, данный анализ представляет возможность определить основные приоритеты арктических государств, найти общие цели и особенности их подходов в этом процессе. Главная роль Арктического Совета в международном сотрудничестве, устойчивое развитие региона и обеспечение безопасности — это три потенциально консолидирующих компонента восьмерки. В этой связи необходимы совместные усилия арктических государств для выработки общих принципов процветания региона, в первую очередь безопасности.

The article presents an analysis of the current strategic documents of eight countries, permanent members of the Arctic Council (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Canada, USA, Russia). Considering the trends in the development of the Arctic region, the analysis provides an opportunity to determine the main priorities of the Arctic states, to find common goals and features of their approaches in this process. There are three potentially consolidating components of the eight states: the main role of the Arctic Council in international cooperation, sustainable development of the region and ensuring security. In this regard, Arctic states need to develop common principles for the prosperity of the region, primarily security.

Арктическая политикаарктическая стратегиямеждународное сотрудничествовопросы безопасностиустойчивое развитиеАрктический СоветArctic policyarctic strategythe international cooperationsecurity questionssustainable developmentArctic CouncilReferencesThe Norwegian Government’s High North Strategy// Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2006. https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/ud/vedlegg/strategien.pdf (дата обращения: 14.05.2020)The Norwegian Government’s High North Strategy. Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2006. https://www.regjeringen.no/globa-lassets/upload/ud/vedlegg/strategien.pdf [Accessed: 14.05.2020]New Building Blocks in the North. The next step in the Government’s High North Strategy. Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2009. https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/ud/vedlegg/nordomradene/newbuildingblocksinthenorth.pdf (дата обращения: 11.06.2020)New Building Blocks in the North. The next step in the Government’s High North Strategy. Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2009. https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/ud/vedlegg/nordomradene/newbuildingblocksinthenorth.pdf [Accessed: 11.06.2020]Norway’s Arctic Strategy — between geopolitics and social development. 2017. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strategy.pdf (дата обращения: 02.09.2020)Norway’s Arctic Strategy — between geopolitics and social development. 2017. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad-46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strat-egy.pdf [Accessed: 02.09.2020]Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticportal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf (дата обращения: 02.09.2020)Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticpor-tal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf [Accessed: 02.09.2020]Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic Region. Reference No.: UD11.041. Published 31 October 2011. URL: https://www.government.se/country-and-regional-strategies/2011/10/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region/ (дата обращения: 02.09.2020)Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic Region. Reference No.: UD11.041. Published 31 October 2011. URL: https://www.govemment.se/country-and-regional-strategies/2011/10/swe-dens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region/ [Accessed: 02. 09.2020]Finland’s Strategy for the Arctic Region 2013. Prime Minister’s Office Publications. URL: https://vnk.fi/documents/10616/1093242/J1613Finland%E2%80%99s+Strategy+for+the+Arctic+Region.pdf/cf80d586-895a-4a32-8582-435f60400fd2?version=1.0 (дата обращения: 02.09.2020)Finland’s Strategy for the Arctic Region 2013. Prime Minister’s Office Publications. URL: https://vnk.fi/documents/10616/1093242/J1613Finland%E2%80%99s+Strategy+-for+the+Arctic+Region.pdf/cf80d586-895a-4a32-8582-435f60400fd2?version=1.0 [Accessed: 02.09.2020]The Government’s strategy session on 27 March 2017. Action Plan for the Update of the Arctic Strategy. Prime Minister’s Office Publications. URL: https://vnk.fi/documents/10616/3474615/ENArktisen+strategian+toimenpidesuunnitelma/0a755d6e-4b36-4533-a93b-9a430d08a29e/ENArktisen+strategian+toimenpidesuunnitelma.pdf (дата обращения: 05.09.2020)The Government’s strategy session on 27 March 2017. Action Plan for the Update of the Arctic Strategy. Prime Minister’s Office Publications. URL: https://vnk.fi/documents/10616/3474615/ENArktisen+strategian+toimenpidesuunnitel-ma/0a755d6e-4b36-4533-a93b-9a430d08a29e/ENArktisen+strategian+toimenpidesuunnitel-ma.pdf [Accessed: 05.09.2020]Canada’s Northern Strategy: Our North, Our Heritage, Our Future Ottawa: The Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Federal Interlocutor for Metis and NonStatus Indians, 2009, URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20150320084935/http://www.northernstrategy.gc.ca/cns/cns-eng.asp (дата обращения: 05.09.2020)Canada’s Northern Strategy: Our North, Our Heritage, Our Future Ottawa: The Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Federal Interlocutor for Metis and Non-Sta-tus Indians, 2009, URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20150320084935/http://www.north-ernstrategy.gc.ca/cns/cns-eng.asp [Accessed: 05.09.2020]Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs, Arctic and Northern Policy Framework, Government of Canada, 10 September 2019, URL: https://www.rcaanccirnac.gc.ca/eng/1560523306861/1560523330587. (дата обращения: 13.06.2020)Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs, Arctic and Northern Policy Framework, Government of Canada, 10 September 2019, URL: https://www.rcaanccirnac.gc.ca/eng/1560523306861/1560523330587. [Accessed: 13.06.2020]«Об Основах государственной политики России в Арктике на период до 2020 года и дальнейшую перспективу» URL: http://government.ru/info/18359/ (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)«On the Fundamentals of Russian State Policy in the Arctic for the Period up to 2020 and Be-yond» URL: http://government.ru/info/18359/ [Accessed: 13.10.2020]Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.10.2020 № 645 «О Стратегии развития Арктической зоны Российской Федерации и обеспечения национальной безопасности на период до 2035 года» URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202010260033?index=22&rangeSize=1 (дата обращения: 26.10.2020)Decree of the President of the Russian Federation (26.10.2020 № 645) “On the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Ensuring National Security for the Period until 2035 “ URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202010260033?index=22&range-Size=1 [Accessed: 26.10.2020]“National Strategy for the Arctic Region” . The White House. p. 2. January 9, 2017 URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/natarcticstrategy.pdf (Дата обращения 13.10.2020)“National Strategy for the Arctic Region”. The White House. p. 2. January 9, 2017 URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/natarcticstrategy.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]Report to Congress Department of Defense Arctic Strategy. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. URL: https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jun/06/2002141657/-1/-1/1/2019-DOD-ARCTIC-STRATEGY.PDF (Дата обращения 15.09.2020)Report to Congress Department of Defense Arctic Strategy. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. URL: https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jun/06/2002141657/-1/-1/1/2019-DOD-ARCTIC-STRATEGY.PDF [Accessed: 15.09.2020]Norway’s Arctic Strategy — between geopolitics and social development. 2017. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strategy.pdf (Дата обращения 05.09.2020)Norway’s Arctic Strategy — between geopolitics and social development. 2017. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad-46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strat-egy.pdf [Accessed: 05.09.2020]Jensen L. C., Jensen O., Rottem S. V. Norwegian foreign policy in the High North. Energy, international law and security. AtlantischPerspectief. 2011;35(3):16.Jensen L. C., Jensen O., Rottem S. V. Norwegian foreign policy in the High North. Energy, international law and security. AtlantischPer-spectief. 2011;35(3):16.Norway’s Arctic Strategy. 2017. P.18. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strategy.pdf (дата обращения: 19.03.2019)Norway’s Arctic Strategy. 2017. P.18. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/fad-46f0404e14b2a9b551ca7359c1000/arctic-strat-egy.pdf [Accessed: 19.03.2020]Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticportal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf (дата обращения: 20.09.2020)Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticpor-tal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf [Accessed: 20.09.2020]Auchet M. Greenland at the crossroads: What strategy for the Arctic? International Journal. 2011;66(4):969.Auchet M. Greenland at the crossroads: What strategy for the Arctic? International Journal. 2011;66(4):969.Erdal L. L. Independence on the Horizon. A Study of the Interplay Between Sovereignty and Natural Resources in Greenland. Fridtjof Nansen Institute. December 2013. P. 21.Erdal L. L. Independence on the Horizon. A Study of the Interplay Between Sovereignty and Natural Resources in Greenland. Fridtjof Nansen Institute. December 2013. P. 21.Коптелов В. Стратегия Дании в освоении Арктики. 2012, 13 апреля. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id4=308#top-content (дата обращения: 14.09.2020)Koptelov V. Denmark’s strategy for the Development of the Arctic. 2012, 13 April. URL: http://russiancouncil.ru/inner/?id4=308#top-content [Accessed: 14.09.2020]Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticportal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf (дата обращения: 15.09.2020)Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Kingdom of Denmark Strategy for the Arctic 2011-2020. URL: http://library.arcticpor-tal.org/1890/1/DENMARK.pdf [Accessed: 15.09.2020]Heininen L. Arctic Strategies and Policies: Inventory and Comparative Study. The Northern Research Forum &The University of Lapland. 2012:23.Heininen L. Arctic Strategies and Policies: Inventory and Comparative Study. The Northern Research Forum &The University of Lapland. 2012:23.Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. URL: https://www.govemment.se/4ab869/contentassets/c197945c0be646a482733275d8b702cd/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region-2020.pdf (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. URL: https://www.government.se/4ab869/contentas-sets/c197945c0be646a482733275d8b702cd/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region-2020.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. 2011. P 23-30. URL: https://www.government.se/49b746/contentassets/85de9103bbbe4373b55eddd7f71608da/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region (дата обращения: 19.03.2019)Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. 2011. P. 23-30. URL: https://wwwgovem-ment.se/49b746/contentassets/85de9103bb-be4373b55eddd7f71608da/swedens-strate-gy-for-the-arctic-region [Accessed: 19.03.2020]Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. URL: https://www.govemment.se/4ab869/contentassets/c197945c0be646a482733275d8b702cd/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region-2020.pdf (дата обращения: 20.10.2020)Sweden’s strategy for the Arctic region. URL: https://www.government.se/4ab869/contentas-sets/c197945c0be646a482733275d8b702cd/swedens-strategy-for-the-arctic-region-2020.pdf [Accessed: 20.10.2020]Growth from the North How can Norway, Sweden and Finland achieve sustainable growth in the Scandinavian Arctic? Report of an independent expert group. 2015. URL: https://valtioneuvosto.fi/documents/10616/1095776/J0415Growth+from+the+Northnet.pdf/2613b2d6-96f8-4ca1-813a-658eaad7f858 (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)Growth from the North How can Norway, Sweden and Finland achieve sustainable growth in the Scandinavian Arctic? Report of an independent expert group. 2015. URL: https://valtioneuvosto.fi/documents/10616/1095776/J0415Growth+from+the+Northnet.pd-f/2613b2d6-96f8-4ca1-813a-658eaad7f858 [Accessed: 13.10.2020]A Strategic Vision for the North Finland’s prospects for economic growth in the Arctic region. 2015. URL: https://ek.fi/wp-content/uploads/A-Strategic-Vision-for-the-North.pdf (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)A Strategic Vision for the North Finland’s prospects for economic growth in the Arctic region. 2015. URL: https://ek.fi/wp-content/uploads/A-Strategic-Vision-for-the-North.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]A Parliamentary Resolution on Iceland’s Arctic Policy (Approved by Althingi at the 139th legislative session March 28, 2011). URL: https://www.government.is/media/utanrikisraduneyti-media/media/nordurlandaskrifstofa/A-Parliamentary-Resolution-on-ICE-Arctic-Policy-approved-by-Althingi.pdf (дата обращения: 05.09.2020)A Parliamentary Resolution on Iceland’s Arctic Policy (Approved by Althingi at the 139th legislative session March 28, 2011). URL: https://www.government.is/media/utanrikisraduney-ti-media/media/nordurlandaskrifstofa/A-Parlia-mentary-Resolution-on-ICE-Arctic-Policy-ap-proved-by-Althingi.pdf [Accessed: 05.09.2020]Sveinsson G. Iceland’s role in the Arctic-The future of Arctic cooperation. Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs. 2013. 14 October. URL: http://www.mfa.is/media/nordurslodir/Arctic-Circle-speech-October-14-2013.pdf (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)Sveinsson G. Iceland’s role in the Arctic — The future of Arctic cooperation. Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs. 2013. 14 October. URL: http://www.mfa.is/media/nordurslodir/Arctic-Circle-speech-October-14-2013.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]National strategy for the Arctic region URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/natarcticstrategy.pdf (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)National strategy for the Arctic region URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/nat arcticstrategy.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]Report to Congress on Strategy to Protect United States National Security Interests in the Arctic Region. URL: https://dod.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/2016-Arctic-Strategy-UNCLAS-cleared-for-release.pdf (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)Report to Congress on Strategy to Protect United States National Security Interests in the Arctic Region. URL: https://dod.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/2016-Arctic-Strat-egy-UNCLAS-cleared-for-release.pdf [Accessed: 13.10.2020]A long-term, strategic vision for the Canada’s Arctic and North. URL: https://www.canada.ca/en/crown-indigenous-relations-northern-affairs/news/2019/09/the-government-of-canada-launches-co-developed-arctic-and-northern-policy-framework.html (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)A long-term, strategic vision for the Canada’s Arctic and North. URL: https://www.canada.ca/en/crown-indigenous-relations-northern-af-fairs/news/2019/09/the-government-of-cana-da-launches-co-developed-arctic-and-north-ern-policy-framework.html [Accessed: 13.10.2020]«With little fanfare, Canada quietly launches a new Arctic policy document». Агсйс today. URL: https://www.arctictoday.com/with-little-fanfare-canada-quietly-launches-new-arctic-policy-document/ (дата обращения: 13.10.2020)«With little fanfare, Canada quietly launches a new Arctic policy document». Arctic today. URL: https://www.arctictoday.com/with-little-fanfare-canada-quietly-launches-new-arc-tic-policy-document/ [Accessed: 13.10.2020]

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.