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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2020-7-4-445-459</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-266</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Об основных направлениях политики США в Центральной Азии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>U.S. Main Policies in Central Asia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир А. Пономарев</p><p>119200, Москва, Смоленская-Сенная пл., д. 32/34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Ponomarev</p><p>Bld. 32/34, Smolenskaya-Sennaya sq., Moscow, 119200</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaponomarev2017@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство иностранных дел России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Foreign Ministry of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>445</fpage><lpage>459</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономарев В.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарев В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomarev V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/266">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/266</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается внешнеполитический курс Вашингтона в Центральной Азии с акцентом на политику администрации Д. Трампа. Выделяются его основные направления и особенности. Анализируется состояние двусторонних отношений США с центральноазиатскими странами.</p><p>Интерес американцев к данному региону проявился сразу же после распада СССР и был обусловлен его геостратегическим положением и запасами энергоресурсов. На начальном этапе усилия Белого дома были сосредоточены на уничтожении советского оружия и налаживании бизнес-контактов. Повышение роли ЦА во внешней политике США произошло после начала операции «Несокрушимая свобода» в Афганистане. С достижением договоренностей об использовании военной инфраструктуры значительно расширилось военное присутствие американцев в регионе, начало активно развиваться сотрудничество по линии оборонных ведомств. Интенсифицировались контакты в экономической сфере, десятки американских компаний устремились в центральноазиатские страны, существенно вырос объем американских инвестиций. С целью формирования проамериканского общества и элит параллельно усилилась работа по продвижению «демократических ценностей».</p><p>С приходом администрации Д. Трампа акценты были смещены в сторону военного сотрудничества. Активизировались военно-техническое сотрудничество, совместные военные маневры и образовательные программы, обмен опытом в области борьбы с терроризмом, нелегальной миграцией, торговлей людьми и незаконным оборотом наркотиков. Идет укрепление бизнес-контактов, торгово-экономического и энергетического взаимодействия. В Вашингтоне несколько снизили градус критики стран ЦА за «проблемы в сфере демократии», тем не менее продолжают попытки демократизации посредством НПО, спонсируемых негосударственными фондами, близкими к Демократической партии США. Вне зависимости от нахождения у власти республиканской или демократической администрации Центральноазиатский регион останется в фокусе внимания Вашингтона на продолжительный период времени. Это связано с геостратегическим положением региона, его природными богатствами, ситуацией в Афганистане, желанием потеснить позиции России и КНР в ЦА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyses the U.S. policy in Central Asia with the focus on the policy of the Trump administration. It highlights its main areas of interests and features, examines the U.S. bilateral relations with Central Asian countries.</p><p>The American interest in the region was manifested immediately after the collapse of the USSR and was linked to its geostrategic position and energy resources. Initially, the efforts of the White House were focused on the elimination of Soviet weapons and the promotion of business contacts. The role of Central Asia in the U.S. foreign policy increased when the military operation in Afghanistan was launched. With the achievement of agreements on the use of military infrastructure in Central Asia states, the U.S. military presence in the region significantly expanded, and cooperation through defense agencies began to actively develop. Contacts in the economic area intensified, dozens of American companies rushed to Central Asian countries, and the volume of American investments increased significantly. In order to form pro-American societies and elites, the work to promote “democratic values” has been intensified.</p><p>With the arrival of the Trump administration, the emphasis was shifted towards military cooperation. Military-technical cooperation, joint military maneuvers and educational programs, exchange of experience in the field of combating terrorism, illegal migration, human trafficking and drug trafficking have increased. Business contacts, trade, economic and energy cooperation have been intensified. Washington has somewhat reduced the degree of criticism of the Central Asian countries for “problems in the area of democratic governance”, nevertheless, the U.S. continues its attempts to democratize the region through NGOs sponsored by non-state funds close to the American Democratic Party.</p><p>The Central Asian region will remain in the focus of the U.S. foreign policy for a long period of time, regardless of whether the Republican or Democratic administration is in power, taking into account its geostrategic position, natural resources, situation in Afghanistan, desire to weaken the positions of Russia and China in this area.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>политика США</kwd><kwd>Центральная Азия</kwd><kwd>военное сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>экономические отношения</kwd><kwd>продвижение демократии</kwd><kwd>Агентство США по международному развитию</kwd><kwd>американские НПО</kwd><kwd>Д. Трамп</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>US policy</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd><kwd>military cooperation</kwd><kwd>economic relations</kwd><kwd>democracy promotion</kwd><kwd>USAID</kwd><kwd>US NGOs</kwd><kwd>Donald Trump</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Security Strategy of the United States of America. The White House, December, 2018. URL: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/NSS-Final-12-18-2017-0905.pdf. (дата обращения: 24.07.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Security Strategy of the United States of America // The White House, December, 2018. 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