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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2021-8-1-136-151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-288</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трудный путь к гражданской нации: опыт нациестроительства современного Казахстана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Difficult Path to a Civil Nation: the Experience of Nation-Building in Modern Kazakhstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай А. Баранов, доктор политических наук</p><p>199178, Санкт-Петербург, В.О., Средний пр. В.О., д. 57/43,</p><p>191124, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Смольного, д. 1/3, 7-й подъезд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Baranov, Doctor of Political Science</p><p>bld. 57/43, Sredny prospect V.O., St. Petersburg, 199178,</p><p>7th entrance, bld. 1/3, st. Smolny, 191124, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nicbar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кок</surname><given-names>Севги</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kok</surname><given-names>Sevgi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Севги Кок</p><p>191124, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Смольного, д. 1/3, 7-й подъезд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sevgi Kok</p><p>7th entrance, bld. 1/3, st. Smolny, 191124, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kok.sevgi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный институт управления РАНХиГС;&#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Institute of Management, RANEPA;&#13;
Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранов Н.А., Кок С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранов Н.А., Кок С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranov N.A., Kok S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/288">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/288</self-uri><abstract><p>Казахстан, как и большинство полиэтничных постсоветских государств, в ходе государственного строительства столкнулся с проблемой сплочения народов, проживающих в Республике. В политической повестке Казахстана реализовывались два взаимосвязанных проекта: строительство институтов государства и формирование гражданской нации. В полиэтничном государстве проект гражданской нации затруднен из-за попыток титульного этноса к получению дополнительных преимуществ, что вызывает напряженность в межэтнических отношениях. Идентификация населения, нередко, происходит по этнической принадлежности, поэтому политике гражданской идентичности в Казахстане противопоставляется «казахизация» языка, культуры, социальных практик. Тем не менее, в Республике успешно развивается процесс объединения нации, инициатором которого является политическая элита Казахстана. Стратегическим приоритетом в развитии страны было заявлено достижение национального единства. В статье проанализированы факторы, влияющие на коллективную идентичность в Республике Казахстан: демографическое разнообразие, языковая политика, государственные символы. В статье сделан вывод о том, что Казахстан строит свою государственность, основываясь на доминировании казахской этнической элиты, при этом проводя политику объединения разных этносов в единую казахстанскую нацию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Kazakhstan, like most of the multi-ethnic post-Soviet states, in the course of state building, faced the problem of rallying the peoples living in the Republic. Two interrelated projects were being implemented on the political agenda of Kazakhstan: the construction of state institutions and the formation of a civil nation. In a multi-ethnic state, the project of a civil nation is difficult due to the attempts of the titular ethnic group to obtain additional advantages, which causes tension in interethnic relations. The identification of the population, often, occurs by ethnicity, therefore, the policy of civic identity in Kazakhstan is opposed to the “Kazakhization” of language, culture, and social practices. Nevertheless, the process of unification of the nation is successfully developing in the Republic, initiated by the political elite of Kazakhstan. Achievement of national unity was declared a strategic priority in the development of the country. The article analyzes the factors affecting collective identity in the Republic of Kazakhstan: demographic diversity, language policy, state symbols. The article concludes that Kazakhstan is building its statehood based on the domination of the Kazakh ethnic elite, while pursuing a policy of uniting different ethnic groups into a single Kazakh nation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гражданская идентичность</kwd><kwd>казахстанская идентичность</kwd><kwd>«казахизация»</kwd><kwd>национальная идентичность</kwd><kwd>проект «Триединство языков»</kwd><kwd>языковая политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>civic identity</kwd><kwd>Kazakh identity</kwd><kwd>“Kazakhization”</kwd><kwd>national identity</kwd><kwd>the project “Trinity of languages”</kwd><kwd>language policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фреде де Э. Культура, цивилизация и идентичность. Полис. Политические исследования. 2012;5:17-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frede de E. 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