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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-1-44-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-331</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взгляд на реформирование экономики Узбекистана через призму сотрудничества республики с международными институтами развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>View at the Reform of the Economy of Uzbekistan through the Prism of the Republic’s Cooperation with International Development Institutions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романчук</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanchuk</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина С. Романчук</p><p>117218, Москва, Нахимовский проспект, д. 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Romanchuk</p><p>b. 32, Nakhimovsky prospekt, Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate.romanchuk@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экономики Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романчук Е.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романчук Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanchuk E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/331">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/331</self-uri><abstract><p>Реформы, проводимые в последнее время в Республике Узбекистан, вызвали широкое обсуждение. Для многих стали неожиданностью скорость, с которой осуществляется либерализация экономики, а также масштабы трансформаций. Будучи еще пять лет назад одной из самых закрытых экономик на постсоветском пространстве, Узбекистану удалось не только догнать прогрессивные страны бывшего Советского Союза, но и сделать это с относительно небольшими социальными последствиями. Как показано в статье, «узбекское чудо» было обусловлено тремя факторами. Во-первых, реформы готовились заранее. Во-вторых, после изменения политики многосторонних банков развития в части устанавливаемых ими условий при выдаче правительствам займов, докапитализации (в отдельных случаях) этих организаций и оптимизации их балансов, расширились их возможности по предоставлению кредитов. Кроме того, критика со стороны международной общественности стимулировала многосторонние банки развития более тщательно подходить к выбору инструментов, используемых при работе с государствами-заемщиками и буквально «создавать» истории успешной трансформации национальных экономик. В-третьих, национальные институты развития Китайской Народной Республики и Японии проявили активность в работе с Правительством Республики Узбекистан по реализации проектов, направленных на модернизацию старой и строительству новой инфраструктуры. Ими были инвестированы значительные ресурсы для преображения отдельных отраслей узбекской экономики. Также с узбекским правительством сотрудничают финансовые институты европейский и арабских государств.</p><p>На основании составленной автором статьи матрицы проектов с объемами планируемых инвестиций в разрезе по институтам и сферам хозяйственной деятельности, проведена оценка того, какие отрасли узбекской экономики являются наиболее привлекательными для отдельных внешнеэкономических партнеров республики. Стремительный рост государственного внешнего долга республики вызвал дискуссию в стране об эффектности использования иностранных кредитов, а также об установлении верхнего предела международных заимствований. На текущем этапе Республика Узбекистан не намерена сокращать объемы привлекаемой ею помощи международных финансовых организаций (при этом потолок государственного долга все же будет установлен), поскольку вместе с займами эти институты, как правило, выделяются денежные средства на безвозмездной основе для подготовки проектов и консультативной помощи Правительству Республики Узбекистан.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The reforms carried out recently in the Republic of Uzbekistan have caused a wide discussion. For many, the speed with which the liberalization of the economy is carried out, as well as the scale of transformations, came as a surprise. Being one of the most closed economies in the post-Soviet space five years ago, Uzbekistan managed not only to catch up with the progressive countries of the former Soviet Union, but also to do so with relatively small social consequences. As shown in the article, the “Uzbek miracle” was caused by three factors. Firstly, the reforms were prepared in advance. Secondly, after the change in the policy of multilateral development banks in terms of the conditions they set for issuing loans to governments, recapitalizing (in some cases) these organizations and optimizing their balance sheets, their ability to provide loans has expanded. In addition, criticism from the international community has stimulated multilateral development banks to take a more careful approach to the choice of tools used when working with borrowing states and literally “create” stories of successful transformation of national economies. Thirdly, the national development Institutes of the People’s Republic of China and Japan have been active in working with the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan to implement projects aimed at modernizing the old and building new infrastructure. They have invested significant resources to transform certain sectors of the Uzbek economy. Financial institutions of European and Arab states also cooperate with the Uzbek government.</p><p>Based on the matrix of projects compiled with the volumes of planned investments in the context of institutions and spheres of economic activity, the author pointed out sectors of the Uzbek economy that are the most attractive for individual foreign economic partners of the republic. The rapid growth of the state external debt of the republic has caused a discussion in the country about the effectiveness of the use of foreign loans, as well as the establishment of an upper limit on international borrowing. At the current stage, the Republic of Uzbekistan does not intend to reduce the amount of assistance it attracts from international financial organizations (at the same time, the public debt ceiling will still be set), since, together with loans, these institutions, as a rule, allocate funds free of charge for the preparation of projects and advisory assistance to the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственный внешний долг</kwd><kwd>инвестиции</kwd><kwd>многосторонние банки развития</kwd><kwd>реформы</kwd><kwd>Узбекистан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>state external debt</kwd><kwd>investments</kwd><kwd>multilateral development banks</kwd><kwd>reforms</kwd><kwd>Uzbekistan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Which nation improved the most in 2019? The Economist. 2021. 21 декабря. 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