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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-2-151-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-340</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дорожная карта укрепления безопасности и обороны Европы: перспективы реализации «Стратегического компаса» ЕС</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Roadmap for Stronger Security and Defence of Europe: EU “Strategic Compass” Implementation Prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимакова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timakova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга А. Тимакова, Кандидат политических наук</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Остоженка, д. 53/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Timakova, Ph.D. (Political Science)</p><p>bld. 53/2, Ostozhenka str. Moscow, 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.timakova@dipacademy.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дипломатическая академия МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимакова О.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимакова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timakova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/340">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/340</self-uri><abstract><p>Европейский союз продолжает развивать Общую внешнюю политику и политику безопасности (ОВПБ) и Общую политику безопасности и обороны (ОПБО). Принятый в марте 2022 года «Стратегический компас безопасности и обороны» ЕС в следующем десятилетии должен стать дорожной картой развития амбиций Евросоюза, заявленных в Стратегиях ЕС 2003 и 2016 гг. «Стратегический компас» предлагает перечень мер по усилению оборонного компонента в политике ЕС. Они сконцентрированы в четырех основных сферах: кризисное регулирование, стрессоустойчивость, развитие потенциала и укрепление партнерских отношений. Значимым нововведением является предложение о применении процедуры голосования квалифицированным большинством по некоторым вопросам внешней политики, политики безопасности и обороны. В рамках новой Стратегии ЕС предлагается создать группу Сил быстрого реагирования и увеличить объем инвестиций в оборонную сферу. Нововведением также станет проведение учений ЕС и форума ЕС по партнерству в сферах безопасности и обороны. Конкретные планы действий по заявленным инициативам должны быть разработаны к концу 2022 года, а их реализация назначена на 2030 год. «Стратегический компас» был воспринят неоднозначно — ключевыми пунктами критики являются неспособность Союза обеспечить собственную стратегическую автономию. В условиях изменившейся геополитической ситуации в Европе, которая совпала с моментом публикации новой Стратегии, страны ЕС продолжали действовать в фарватере политики США. Сделанный в Компасе акцент на комплиментарности внешней политики и политики безопасности и обороны ЕС по отношению к альянсу подтверждает, что страны Европы будут склонны полагаться на привычные институты НАТО в противовес созданию новых структур Евросоюза. Кроме того, проблемой остается значительные разногласия в восприятии угроз странами-членами ЕС, а также общая аморфность внешнеполитических инициатив Союза. Велика вероятность, что значительного прорыва в создании эффективных институтов европейской внешней политики, политики безопасности и обороны добиться не удастся, но получение новых полномочий Еврокомиссией позволит усилить наднациональный контроль над политикой стран-членов ЕС в данных сферах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The European Union continues to develop the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). Adopted in March 2022, the EU’s “Strategic Compass for Security and Defense” in the next decade should become a roadmap for the development of the EU’s ambitions, stated in the 2003 and 2016 EU Strategies. The Strategic Compass offers a list of measures to strengthen the defense component in EU policy. They are concentrated in four main areas: crisis management, resilience, capacity building and partnerships. A significant innovation is the proposal to apply the qualified majority voting procedure on certain issues of foreign policy, security and defense policy. As part of the new EU Strategy, it is proposed to create a group of Rapid deployment forces and increase investment in the defense sector. The innovation will also be the holding of EU exercises and the EU Security and Defense Partnership Forum. Specific action plans for the announced initiatives should be developed by the end of 2022, and their implementation is scheduled for 2030. The Strategic Compass was perceived ambiguously — the key points of criticism are the inability of the Union to ensure its own strategic autonomy. In the context of the changed geopolitical situation in Europe, which coincided with the publication of the new Strategy, the EU countries continued to follow the lead of US policy. The emphasis in Compass on the complementarity of the foreign and security and defense policy of the EU in relation to the Alliance confirms that the countries of Europe will tend to rely on the usual institutions of NATO as opposed to the creation of new structures of the European Union. In addition, significant disagreements in the perception of threats by EU member states, as well as the general amorphousness of the Union’s foreign policy initiatives, remain a problem. It is likely that a significant breakthrough in the creation of effective institutions of European foreign policy, security and defense policy will not be achieved, but the acquisition of new powers by the European Commission will strengthen supranational control over the policies of EU member states in these areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>Стратегический компас</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>оборона</kwd><kwd>стратегическая автономность</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>Strategic Compass</kwd><kwd>security</kwd><kwd>defence</kwd><kwd>strategic autonomy</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence — For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interests and contributes to international peace and security. 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