<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">postsoviet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы постсоветского пространства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Post-Soviet Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-8920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8174</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Centre of Regional Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-318-336</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">postsoviet-421</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МИРОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Глобальный газовый транзит: новые цепочки поставок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The global gas transit: new supply chains</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жильцов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiltsov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей С. Жильцов, Доктор политических наук</p><p>117198, Россия, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Zhiltsov, Doctor of Political Sciences</p><p>bld. 6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg.serg56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>People’s Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>318</fpage><lpage>336</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жильцов С.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жильцов С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/421">https://www.postsovietarea.com/jour/article/view/421</self-uri><abstract><p>Обострение отношений между Россией и западными странами в начале 2022 года положило начало формированию новых цепочек поставок энергетических ресурсов, в частности, экспорта газа. Глобальный энергетический транзит тесно связан с фундаментальными проблемами в мировой экономике, которые обострились в период пандемии коронавируса. Эмпирические данные показывают, что новые цепочки поставок углеводородных ресурсов кардинально изменили расстановку сил на мировом рынке. Это произошло под влиянием ценовой политики, а также конъюнктуры спроса и предложения на рынке. Рассматривая газовый рынок в качестве системы из взаимосвязанных участников: производителей и потребителей, в исследовании делается вывод, что энергетический транзит определят итоги экономической конкуренции, развернувшейся между Россией и Западом, а также скорость создания инфраструктуры, необходимой для создания и транспортировки сжиженного природного газа. При этом перспективы низкоуглеродной энергетики не так очевидны. Прежде всего, из-за высоких затрат и неготовности многих стран вкладывать значительные средства. В исследовании делается вывод, что реструктуризация глобальных цепочек поставок энергетических ресурсов отвечает интересам отдельных развитых государств. В целом, современные процессы в мировой энергетике представляют собой фундаментальные тренд, который связан с переходным периодом развития мировой экономики. Статья вносит свой вклад в знания, предоставляя всесторонний обзор, посвященный новым процессам в энергетической сфере. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aggravation of relations between Russia and Western countries in early 2022 has marked the formation of new supply chains for energy resources, particularly gas exports. Global energy transit is closely linked to fundamental problems in the world economy, which were aggravated during the coronavirus pandemic. Empirical evidence illustrates that new hydrocarbon supply chains have dramatically changed the balance of power in the global market. The reasons for this were the pricing policy as well as the supply and demand conditions in the market. Considering the gas market as a system of interrelated participants: producers and consumers, the study concludes that energy transit will be determined by the outcome of the economic competition between Russia and the West, as well as the speed of building the infrastructure necessary for the creation and transportation of liquefied natural gas. At the same time, the prospects for low-carbon energy are not so obvious. First of all, the high costs and the unwillingness of many countries to make significant investments hamper a transition. The study concludes that the restructuring of global energy supply chains is in the interests of some developed countries. In general, the current processes in the global energy sector represent a fundamental trend that is associated with the transition period of the world economy. The paper contributes to the knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the new processes in the energy sphere. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергетический транзит</kwd><kwd>логистика</kwd><kwd>сжиженный природный газ</kwd><kwd>газовый рынок</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>арабские страны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>energy transit</kwd><kwd>gas market</kwd><kwd>liquefied natural gas</kwd><kwd>logistics</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>arab countries</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rioux B., Shabaneh R., Griffiths S. An economic analysis of gas pipeline trade cooperation in the GCC. Energy Policy. 2021. doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112449</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rioux B., Shabaneh R., Griffiths S. An economic analysis of gas pipeline trade cooperation in the GCC. Energy Policy. 2021. doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112449</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ali I., Arslan A., Chowdhury M., Khan Z., Tarba Sh. Reimagining global food value chains through effective resilience to COVID-19 shocks and similar future events: A dynamic capability perspective. Journal of Business Research. 2022;141:1-12. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ali I., Arslan A., Chowdhury M., Khan Z., Tarba Sh. Reimagining global food value chains through effective resilience to COVID-19 shocks and similar future events: A dynamic capability perspective. Journal of Business Research. 2022;141:1-12. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oil Market Report. March 2020. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-reportmarch-2020 (дата обращения: 24.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oil Market Report. March 2020. URL: https:// www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-reportmarch-2020 [Accessed: 24.05.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oil Market Report. February 2021. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-reportfebruary-2021 (дата обращения: 24.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oil Market Report. February 2021. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-february-2021 [Accessed: 24.05.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oil Market Report. April 2022. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-report-april2022. (дата обращения: 24.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oil Market Report. April 2022. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/oil-market-reportapril-2022. [Accessed: 24.05.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wearden G. Brent crude rises above $120 a barrel as UK fuel prices hit record highs. 2022. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/may/30/brent-crude-rises-above-dollars-120-a-barrel-as-uk-fuelprices-hit-record-highs. (дата обращения: 24.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wearden G. Brent crude rises above $120 a barrel as UK fuel prices hit record highs. 2022. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/may/30/brent-crude-rises-abovedollars-120-a-barrel-as-uk-fuel-prices-hit-record-highs. [Accessed: 24.06.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhiltsov S.S. Geopolitical Rivalry Between Russia and the United States for the European Gas Market. Post-Soviet Issues. 2022;9(1):8-19. doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-1-8-19</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S. Geopolitical Rivalry Between Russia and the United States for the European Gas Market. Post-Soviet Issues. 2022;9(1):8-19. doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-1-8-19</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кириченко А. Новая реальность для глобального газового рынка: фаза супернизких цен. 31.03.2020. URL: https://oilcapital.ru/article/general/31-03-2020/novayarealnost-dlya-globalnogo-gazovogo-rynkafaza-supernizkih-tsen (дата обращения: 01.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirichenko A. A new reality for the global gas market: the phase of super low prices. URL: https://oilcapital.ru/news/2020-03-31/novaya-realnost-dlya-globalnogo-gazovogo-rynka-faza-supernizkih-tsen-1047074. [Accessed: 01.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhiltsov S.S. COVID-19: Pandemic: Global Reset of Political and Economic Fostering. Post-Soviet Issues. 2021;8(4):414-424. doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2021-8-4-414-424</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S. COVID-19: Pandemic: Global Reset of Political and Economic Fostering. Post-Soviet Issues. 2021;8(4):414-424. doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2021-8-4-414-424</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kose A., Nagle P., Ohnsorge F., Sugawara N. Global Waves of Debt. Causes and Consequences. 2022:40-43. URL: https://www.imf.org/external/russian/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/06/pdf/COVID19-and-debt-in-developing-economies-kose.pdf. (дата обращения: 14.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kose A., Nagle P., Ohnsorge F., Sugawara N. Global Waves of Debt. Causes and Consequences. 2022:40-43. URL: https://www.imf. org/external/russian/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/06/pdf/COVID19-and-debt-in-developing-economies-kose.pdf. [Accessed: 14.06.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Доклад о торговле и развитии за 2020 год. Женева, 2020 год. Организация объединенных наций. 39 с. URL: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdr2020overview_ru.pdf (дата обращения: 20.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trade and Development Report 2020. United Nations. 2020. URL: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdr2020_en.pdf. [Accessed: 20.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Bank Group President David Malpass: Foreword to the IDS 2022 Report: Low-Income Country Debt Rises to record $860 Billion in 2020. 2021. October 11. URL: https://clck.ru/359BR6. (дата обращения: 16.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Bank Group President David Malpass: Foreword to the IDS 2022 Report: Low-Income Country Debt Rises to record $860 Billion in 2020. 2021. October 11. URL: https://clck.ru/359BR6. [Accessed: 16.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Холопов А.В. Макроэкономическая политика на перепутье. Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2021;65(7): 5-15. DOI: 10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-7-5-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kholopov A.V. Macroeconomic policy at a crossroad. World economy and international relations. 2021;65(7):5-15. DOI: 10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-7-5-15. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The World Economic Situation and Prospects. Ed. by Michael Brodsky. United Nations New York, 2021. 198 p. URL: https://clck.ru/U3ucN. (дата обращения: 12.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The World Economic Situation and Prospects. Ed. by Michael Brodsky. United Nations New York, 2021. 198 p. URL: https://clck.ru/U3ucN. [Accessed: 12.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги внешнеэкономической деятельности Российской Федерации в 2020 году и I полугодии 2021 года. Министерство экономического развития Российской Федерации. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/ab03f167412ee7cbc60d8caf776bab70/itogi_ved_v_2020g_i_1_polugodie_2021.pdf (дата обращения: 12.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Results of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation in 2020 and the first half of 2021. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/ab03f167412ee7cbc60d8caf776bab70/itogi_ved_v_2020g_i_1_polugodie_2021.pdf. [Accessed: 12.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В 2020 году объем мировой торговли сократился на 9 процентов. 2021. 9 февраля. https://news.un.org/ru/story/2021/02/1396462 (дата обращения: 12.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">In 2020, global trade fell by 9 percent. 2021. February 9. https://news.un.org/ru/story/2021/02/1396462 [Accessed: 12.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zagashvili V.S. International Trade in the Aftermath of the COVID 19 Pandemic. World economy and international relations. 2021;65(10):15-23. doi: 10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-10-15-23</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zagashvili V.S. International Trade in the Aftermath of the COVID 19 Pandemic. World economy and international relations. 2021;65(10):15-23. doi:10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-10-15-23</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A European Green Deal. An official website of the European Union. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en. (дата обращения: 19.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A European Green Deal. An official website of the European Union. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en. [Accessed: 19.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A European Green Deal: An official website of the European Union. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/european-green-deal_en#key-eulegislation-and-policies. (дата обращения: 25.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A European Green Deal: An official website of the European Union. Available via https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/european-green-deal_en#key-eulegislation-and-policies. [Accessed: 10.03.2022].Accessed 25 May 2023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kühne K., Bartsch N., Tate R.D., Higson J., Habet A. «Carbon Bombs» — Mapping key fossil fuel projects. Energy Policy. 2022. doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112950</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kühne K., Bartsch N., Tate R.D., Higson J., Habet A. «Carbon Bombs» — Mapping key fossil fuel projects. Energy Policy. 2022. doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112950</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Комлев С. Сложный год. Корпоративный журнал ПАО «ГАЗПРОМ». 2020;3:15. URL: https://www.gazprom.ru/f/posts/08/066164/gazprom-magazine-2020-3.pdf (дата обращения: 07.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Komlev S. A difficult year. Corporate Journal of PJSC GAZPROM. 2020;3:15. URL: https://www.gazprom.ru/f/posts/08/066164/gazprom-magazine-2020-3.pdf [Accessed: 07.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzyadko T. The European gas anomaly. RBK. 2021;150:6-7 (in press)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzyadko T. The European gas anomaly. RBK. 2021;150:6-7 (in press)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цена газа в Европе превысила $3600 за тысячу кубометров. 2022. 7 марта. URL: https://russian.rt.com/business/news/972483-evropa-gaz-cena?utm_source=yxnews&amp;utm_medium=desktop (дата обращения: 01.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The price of gas in Europe exceeded $3600 per thousand cubic meters. 2022. March 7. URL: https://russian.rt.com/business/news/972483-evropa-gaz-cena?utm_source=yxnews&amp;utm_medium=desktop. [Accessed: 01.06.2023]. (InRuss.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim S.H., Lim Y.Y., Kim D.W., Kim M.K. Swing suppliers and international natural gas market integration. Energies. 2020. doi.org/10.3390/en13184661</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim S.H., Lim Y.Y., Kim D.W., Kim M.K. Swing suppliers and international natural gas market integration. Energies. 2020. doi.org/10.3390/en13184661</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ediger V.S., Bowlus J.V., Dursun A.F. State capitalism and hydrocarbon security in China and Russia. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2021. doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100725</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ediger V.S., Bowlus J.V., Dursun A.F. State capitalism and hydrocarbon security in China and Russia. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2021. doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100725</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Role of Russian Natural Gas. Congressional Research Service. March 23, 2022/ URL: https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11900. (дата обращения: 27.07.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Role of Russian Natural Gas. Congressional Research Service. March 23, 2022. URL: https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IN/IN11900. [Accessed: 27.07.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В ЕС назвали задачу сокращения зависимости от энергоресурсов России сложной, но выполнимой. 2022. 15 марта. URL: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/14069061? (дата обращения: 19.08.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The EU called the task of reducing dependence on Russia’s energy resources difficult but achievable. March 15 2022. URL: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/14069061? [Accessed: 19.08.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Европа даст заработать на себе всем: «Газпрому», США, Катару… 25 марта 2022. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/03/25/evropa-dast-zarabotat-na-sebe-vsemgazpromu-ssha-kataru (дата обращения: 22.08.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Europe will let everyone make money on itself: “Gazprom”, USA, Qatar... 2022. March 15. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/03/25/evropa-dast-zarabotat-na-sebe-vsem-gazpromu-ssha-kataru [Accessed: 22.08.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulgaria decided not to renew contract with Gazprom. 2022. 20 Marth. URL: https://generico.ru/2022/03/20/bulgaria-decidesnot-to-renew-contract-with-gazprom/. (дата обращения: 20.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulgaria decided not to renew contract with Gazprom. 2022. 20 Marth. URL: https://generico.ru/2022/03/20/bulgaria-decides-notto-renew-contract-with-gazprom/. [Accessed: 20.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shell CEO: LNG will not be able to fully replenish Europe’s gas supply. 2022. June 29. URL: https://quote.rbc.ru/news/short_article/62bc2d359a79471018317acc?ysclid=l4zrn3vw24209934291. (дата обращения: 29.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shell CEO: LNG will not be able to fully replenish Europe’s gas supply. 2022. June 29. URL: https://quote.rbc.ru/news/short_article/62bc2d359a79471018317acc?ysclid=l4zrn3vw24209934291. [Accessed: 29.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барсуков Ю. Отгазники. Коммерсант. 2023. 14 апреля. С. 10. 32. Мануков С. Забудьте про катарский газ: Европа не сможет заменить российские поставки. 2022. 21 июня. URL: https://expert.ru/2022/06/21/katar/ (дата обращения: 24.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barsukov Yu. Otgazniki. Kommersant. 2023. April 14. P. 10. (in press) (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hammad M.A., Elgazzar S., Sternad M.A. Conceptual Framework to Establish and Operate a Global Logistics Energy Hub. Sustainability. 2021. doi.org/10.3390/su131910976</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manukov S. You should forget about Qatari gas: Europe will not be able to replace Russian supplies. 2022. 21 June. URL: https://expert.ru/2022/06/21/katar/. [Accessed: 24.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Круглей И. СПГ газовой беде Европы не помощник. 2022. 18 марта. URL: https://oilcapital.ru/article/general/18-03-2022/spggazovoy-bede-evropy-ne-pomoschnik?ysclid=l4zrsf7bbl534788353 (дата обращения: 21.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hammad M.A., Elgazzar S., Sternad M.A. Conceptual Framework to Establish and Operate a Global Logistics Energy Hub. Sustainability. 2021. doi.org/10.3390/su131910976</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Страны ЕС схватились за плавучие терминалы СПГ: на всех не хватает. 2022 28 марта. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/03/28/strany-es-shvatilis-za-plavuchie-terminalyspg-na-vseh-ne-hvataet (дата обращения: 22.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krugley I. LNG is not a helper for Europe’s gas woes. 2022. 18th of March. URL: https://oilcapital.ru/article/general/18-03-2022/spg-gazovoy-bede-evropy-ne-pomoschnik?ysclid=l4zrsf7bbl534788353. [Accessed: 21.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мануков С. Забудьте про катарский газ: Европа не сможет заменить российские поставки. 2022. 21 июня. URL: https://expert.ru/2022/06/21/katar/ (дата обращения: 24.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EU countries scramble for floating LNG terminals: not enough for everyone. 2022. March 28. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/03/28/strany-es-shvatilis-za-plavuchie-terminaly-spgna-vseh-ne-hvataet. [Accessed: 22.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Onat C.N. How to compare sustainability impacts of alternative fuel Vehicles? 2022. Transportation Research Part D. doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.103129</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manukov S. Head of Uniper: LNG terminals can be built, but there is a big problem. 2022. 21 June. URL: https://expert.ru/2022/06/21/katar/ [Accessed: 24.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Press statement by President von der Leyen on the Commission’s proposals regarding REPowerEU, defence investment gaps and the relief and reconstruction of Ukraine. 18 May 2022. Brussels. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_22_3164. (дата обращения: 23.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onat C.N. How to compare sustainability impacts of alternative fuel Vehicles? 2022. Transportation Research Part D. doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.103129</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Communication From the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. REPowerEU Plan. Brussels. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=-cellar:fc930f14-d7ae-11ec-a95f-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&amp;format=PDF. (дата обращения: 23.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Press statement by President von der Leyen on the Commission’s proposals regarding REPowerEU, defence investment gaps and the relief and reconstruction of Ukraine. 18 May 2022. Brussels. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_22_3164. [Accessed: 23.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krukowska E., Nienabe M. Von Der Leyen Eyes Ending EU’s Russian Energy Reliance by 2027. 2022. March 10. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-10/von-der-leyen-eyes-ending-eu-s-russian-energy-reliance-by-2027. (дата обращения: 17.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Communication From the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. REPowerEU Plan. Brussels. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=-cellar:fc930f14-d7ae-11ec-a95f-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&amp;format=PDF. [Accessed: 23.06.2022].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никифоров О.Н. Предкризисная трансформация в Европе. 2022. 13 июня. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/12_8459_transformation.html (дата обращения: 19.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krukowska E., Nienabe M. Von Der Leyen Eyes Ending EU’s Russian Energy Reliance by 2027. 2022. March 10. URL: https://www. bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-10/von-der-leyen-eyes-ending-eu-s-russian-energy-reliance-by-2027. [Accessed: 17.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Factsheet on the International Energy Strategy. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/fs_22_3136. (дата обращения: 02.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikiforov O.N. A pre-crisis transformation in Europe. 2022. June 13. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/12_8459_transformation.html [Accessed: 19.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meza A., Ari I., Al-Sada M.S., Koç M. Future LNG competition and trade using an agentbased predictive model. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2021.100734</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Factsheet on the International Energy Strategy. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/fs_22_3136. [Accessed: 02.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makhdoum H., Pouransari Z. Analytical Study of Iran Nonrenewable Energy Resources Using Hubbert Theory. ACS Omega. 2022;7:1772−1784.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meza A., Ari I., Al-Sada M.S., Koç M. Future LNG competition and trade using an agentbased predictive model. Energy Strategy Reviews. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.esr.2021.100734</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Haidous S., Al-Breiki M., Bicer Y., Al-Ansari T. Evaluating LNG Supply Chain Resilience Using SWOT Analysis: The Case of Qatar. Energies. 2022;15(1):79. doi.org/10.3390/en15010079</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhdoum H., Pouransari Z. Analytical Study of Iran Nonrenewable Energy Resources Using Hubbert Theory. ACS Omega. 2022;7:1772−1784.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gas Exporting Countries Forum in Qatar: Who said what. 22 Feb 2022. URL: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/22/what-wassaid-at-gas-exporting-countries-forum. (дата обращения: 29.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Haidous S., Al-Breiki M., Bicer Y., Al-Ansari T. Evaluating LNG Supply Chain Resilience Using SWOT Analysis: The Case of Qatar. Energies. 2022;15(1):79. doi.org/10.3390/ en15010079</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Natural Gas, liquefied in Qatar. 2020. URL: https://oec.world/en/profile/bilateral-product/natural-gas-liquefied/reporter/qat?redirect=true. (дата обращения: 25.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gas Exporting Countries Forum in Qatar: Who said what. 22 Feb 2022. URL: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/22/what-was-saidat-gas-exporting-countries-forum. [Accessed: 29.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Германия договорилась с Катаром о поставках СПГ. 2022. 20 марта. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5269644 (дата обращения: 20.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Natural Gas, liquefied in Qatar. 2020. URL: https://oec.world/en/profile/bilateral-product/natural-gas-liquefied/reporter/qat?redirect=true. [Accessed: 25.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dahan M.E., Mills A., Rashad M. Qatar says «almost impossible» to quickly replace Russian supplies to Europe. 2022. 22 February. URL: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/qatar-can-divert-up-15-its-gasexports-2022-02-22/. (дата обращения: 04.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Germany has reached a deal with Qatar for LNG supplies. 2022. 20 March. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5269644. [Accessed: 20.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">75% of Qatar’s gas exports go to NE Asian countries. 2020. URL: https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/25/10/2020/75-ofQatar%E2%80%99s-gas-exports-go-toNE-Asian-countries. (дата обращения: 14.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dahan M.E., Mills A., Rashad M. Qatar says «almost impossible» to quickly replace Russian supplies to Europe. 2022. 22 February. URL: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/qatar-can-divert-up-15-its-gas-exports-2022-02-22/. [Accessed: 04.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Катар подписал газовый контракт с Южной Кореей. 12 Июля 2021. URL: https://1prime.ru/gas/20210712/834176504.html?ysclid=l4z8mh354z755825783 (дата обращения: 16.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">75% of Qatar’s gas exports go to NE Asian countries. 2020. URL: https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/25/10/2020/75-of-Qatar%E2%80%99s-gas-exports-go-to-NEAsian-countries. [Accessed: 14.05.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zihang F., Tongwen Sh., Yuxia Y., Fang L. Interoperability of LNG terminals and gas pipeline networks. Natural Gas Industry. 2021;8:48-56. doi.org/10.1016/j.ngib.2020.07.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qatar signs gas contract with South Korea. 2021. URL: https://1prime.ru/gas/20210712/834176504.html?ysclid=l4z8mh354z755825783. [Accessed: 16.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барсуков Ю. Контракт газом наперед. 30.09.2021. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5008617?ysclid=l4z8ryah1e198047712 (дата обращения: 17.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zihang F., Tongwen Sh., Yuxia Y., Fang L. Interoperability of LNG terminals and gas pipeline networks. Natural Gas Industry. 2021;8:48- 56. doi.org/10.1016/j.ngib.2020.07.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнова С. Далеко и надолго: Катар требует от ЕС 20-летних контрактов на поставку СПГ. 2022. 25 июня. URL: https://iz.ru/1354847/sofia-smirnova/dalekoi-nadolgo-katar-trebuet-ot-es-20-letnikhkontraktov-na-postavku-spg (дата обращения: 27.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barsukov Yu. Contract with gas in advance. 30.09.2021. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5008617?ysclid=l4z8ryah1e198047712. [Accessed: 17.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Европе назвали объем «рекордного» импорта СПГ из США в 2021 году. 2022. 17 февраля. URL: https://rg.ru/2022/02/17/vevrope-nazvali-obem-rekordnogo-importa-spgiz-ssha-v-2021-godu.html? (дата обращения: 23.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smirnova S. Far and long: Qatar demands 20- year LNG contracts from the EU). 2022. 25 June. URL: https://iz.ru/1354847/sofia-smirnova/daleko-i-nadolgo-katar-trebuet-ot-es-20-letnikh-kontraktov-na-postavku-spg. [Accessed: 27.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">U.S. promises to deliver 15 bcm more of LNG to Europe in 2022. 25 March. URL: https://www.tradingview.com/news/reuters.com,2022:newsml_A5N2VD001:1-u-s-promises-to-deliver-15-bcm-more-of-lng-to-europe-in-2022-sources/. (дата обращения: 25.04.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Europe has named the volume of “record” LNG imports from the US in 2021. 2022. 17 February. URL: https://rg.ru/2022/02/17/v-evropenazvali-obem-rekordnogo-importa-spg-iz-sshav-2021-godu.html [Accessed: 23.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farzalibeyov F. Evolution of the Southern Corridor in the European energy security agenda and policy-making process. Global Energy Issues. 2021;43(1):55-78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">U.S. promises to deliver 15 bcm more of LNG to Europe in 2022. 2022. 25 March. URL: https://www.tradingview.com/news/reuters. com,2022:newsml_A5N2VD001:1-u-s-promises-to-deliver-15-bcm-more-of-lng-to-europein-2022-sources/. [Accessed: 25.04.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жильцов С.С. Политическое измерение европейского газового рынка. 2022. 14 марта. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-03-14/12_8390_fuel.html (дата обращения: 26.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farzalibeyov F. Evolution of the Southern Corridor in the European energy security agenda and policy-making process. Global Energy Issues. 2021;43(1):55-78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жильцов С.С. Европа обсуждает новые газовые маршруты. 2022 13 июня. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/9_8459_europe.html (дата обращения: 18.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S. Political Dimension of the European Gas Market. 2022. 14 March. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-03-14/12_8390_fuel.html. [Accessed: 26.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Моисеев Д. Без российского газа выполнить зеленые обязательства Европе будет сложно. 2022. 17 марта. URL: https://www.ng.ru/world/2022-03-17/6_8394_ecology.html (дата обращения: 18.03.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S. Europe discusses new gas routes. 2022 13 June. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/9_8459_europe.html [Accessed: 18.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волобуев А., Милькин В., Литова Е., Сангалова И. Глобальная энергетика возвращается к угольной генерации. 2022. 25 апреля. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2022/04/26/919731-globalnayaenergetika-vozvraschaetsya-k-ugolnoi-generats ii?ysclid=l4zbkul04s110139228 (дата обращения: 15.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moiseev D. Without Russian gas it will be difficult for Europe to fulfill its green commitments. 2022. 17 March. URL: https://www.ng.ru/world/2022-03-17/6_8394_ecology.html. [Accessed: 18.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Germany unable to heat homes next winter without Russian gas supplies, minister says. 2022. 19 Marth. URL: https://clck.ru/359BTZ. (дата обращения: 19.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volobuev A., Milkin V., Litova E., Sangalova I. Global energy returns to coal-fired generation. 2022. April 25. URL: https://clck.ru/359BU3. [Accessed: 15.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">«Газпрому» не нужна такая Европа: В ЕС рушится спрос на газ. 2022. 29 июня. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/06/29/gazpromu-ne-nuzhna-takaya-evropa-v-esrushitsya-spros-na-gaz (дата обращения: 29.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Germany unable to heat homes next winter without Russian gas supplies, minister says. 2022. 19 Marth. URL: https://clck.ru/359BTZ. [Accessed: 19.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никифоров О.Н. Газовую подушку для Старого Света наполняют всем миром. 2022 16 мая. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-05-16/14_8436_gas.html (дата обращения: 21.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">«Gazprom» doesn’t need such a Europe: EU gas demand collapses. June 29. URL: https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2022/06/29/gazpromu-ne-nuzhna-takaya-evropa-v-es-rushitsya-spros-na-gaz. [Accessed: 29.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Музлова Г. Рынок СПГ становится дефицитным 2022. 28 марта. URL: http://www.morvesti.ru/themes/1694/94761/ (дата обращения: 18.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikiforov O.N. Gas cushion for the Old World is filled by the whole world. 2022 16 May. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-05-16/14_8436_gas.html [Accessed: 21.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Долгосрочная программа развития производства сжиженного природного газа в Российской Федерации. Утверждена распоряжением Правительства Российской Федерации от 16 марта 2021 г. № 640-р. URL: http://static.government.ru/media/files/l6DePkb3cDKTgzxbb6sdFc2npEPAd7SE.pdf (дата обращения: 28.05.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muzlova G. LNG market becomes deficient. 2022 March 28. URL: http://www.morvesti.ru/ themes/1694/94761/. [Accessed: 18.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Минэнерго: Россия к 2030 году может занять пятую часть мирового рынка СПГ. 2022. 17 июня. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2022/06/17/927255-mirovogo-rinkaspg?ysclid=l4zbmegbee542132511 (дата обращения: 28.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 640-r dated March 16, 2021 «On approval if the Long-term Programme for the Development of Liquefied Natural Gas Production in the Russian Federation». URL: http://static.government.ru/media/files/l6DePkb3cDKTgzxbb6sdFc2npEPAd7SE.pdf. [Accessed: 28.05.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жильцов С.С., Зонн И.С. Арктика: регион будущего развития. Москва; Аспект Пресс: 2022. 320 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Ministry of Energy: Russia may take a fifth of the global LNG market by 2030. 2022. June 17. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2022/06/17/927255-mirovogo-rinka-spg?ysclid=l4zbmegbee542132511. [Accessed: 17.05.2025]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Božic F., Karasalihovic S.D., Smajla I., Ivanˇci´c I. Analysis of Changes in Natural Gas Physical Flows for Europe via Ukraine in 2020. 2021. Energies. doi.org/10.3390/en14165175</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiltsov S.S., Zonn I.S. The Arctic: a region of future development. Moscow; Aspect Press: 2022. 320 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Катков М. Минэнерго: Россия к 2030 году может занять пятую часть мирового рынка СПГ. 2022. 17 июня. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2022/06/17/927255-mirovogo-rinkaspg?ysclid=l4zcx0wwpa508052257 (дата обращения: 19.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Božic F., Karasalihovic S.D., Smajla I., Ivanˇci´c I. Analysis of Changes in Natural Gas Physical Flows for Europe via Ukraine in 2020. 2021. Energies. doi.org/10.3390/en14165175</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chestney N. Global LNG demand expected to almost double by 2040: Shell. 2021. URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-shelllng-idUSKBN2AP15S. (дата обращения: 27.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katkov M. The Ministry of Energy: Russia may take a fifth part of the world LNG market by 2030. 2022 June 17. URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/business/articles/2022/06/17/927255-mirovogo-rinka-spg?ysclid=l4zcx0wwpa508052257. [Accessed: 17.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamal A., Al-Ghamdi S.G., Koc M. Assessing the Impact of Water Efficiency Policies on Qatar’s Electricity and Water Sectors. Energies. 2021. doi.org/10.3390/en14144348</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chestney N. Global LNG demand expected to almost double by 2040: Shell. URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-shell-lng-idUSKBN2AP15S. [Accessed: 27.06.2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конопляник А.А. Как США продвигают свой СПГ в ЕС против России и самой Европы. 2022. 13 июня. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/11_8459_usa.html (дата обращения: 18.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamal A., Al-Ghamdi S.G., Koc M. Assessing the Impact of Water Efficiency Policies on Qatar’s Electricity and Water Sectors. Energies. 2021. doi.org/10.3390/en14144348</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian J., Yu L., Xue R., Zhuang Sh., Shan Yu. Global low-carbon energy transition in the post-COVID-19 era. Applied Energy. 2022. doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118205</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konoplyanik A.A. How the USA promotes its LNG in the EU against Russia and Europe itself. 2022. June 13. URL: https://www.ng.ru/ng_energiya/2022-06-13/11_8459_usa.html. [Accessed: 18.06.2023]. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Rosa M., Gainsford K., Pallonetto F., Finn D. Diversification, concentration and renewability of the energy supply in the European Union. Energy. 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124097</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian J., Yu L., Xue R., Zhuang Sh., Shan Yu. Global low-carbon energy transition in the post-COVID-19 era. Applied Energy. 2022. doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118205</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egging-Bratseth R., Holz F., Czempinski V. Freedom gas to Europe: Scenarios analyzed using the Global Gas Model. Research in International Business and Finance. 2021. URL: doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Rosa M., Gainsford K., Pallonetto F., Finn D. Diversification, concentration and renewability of the energy supply in the European Union. Energy. 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124097</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gozgor G., Paramati R. Does energy diversification cause an economic slowdown? Evidence from a newly constructed energy diversification index. Energy Economics. 2022. doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.105970</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egging-Bratseth R., Holz F., Czempinski V. Freedom gas to Europe: Scenarios analyzed using the Global Gas Model. Research in International Business and Finance. 2021. URL: doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartholomeusz S. Power struggle: The world’s energy crisis could get worse. 2022 June 6. URL: Available via https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/power-struggle-the-world-senergy-crisis-could-get-worse-20220606-p5arbg.html. (дата обращения: 07.06.2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gozgor G., Paramati R. Does energy diversification cause an economic slowdown? Evidence from a newly constructed energy diversification index. Energy Economics. 2022. doi. org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.105970</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartholomeusz S. Power struggle: The world’s energy crisis could get worse. 2022 June 6. URL: Available via https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/power-struggle-the-world-s-energy-crisis-could-getworse-20220606-p5arbg.html [Accessed: 27.06.2023]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bartholomeusz S. Power struggle: The world’s energy crisis could get worse. 2022 June 6. URL: Available via https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/power-struggle-the-world-s-energy-crisis-could-getworse-20220606-p5arbg.html [Accessed: 27.06.2023]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
