The U.S. Policy of Democracy Promotion in the Post-Soviet Space
https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2020-7-1-18-28
Abstract
After the collapse of the USSR, U.S. Administrations exploited the policy of «democracy promotion» to expand American influence in the post-Soviet space and to counterbalance Russia. In the light of the military campaign in Syria, the escalation around Iran, North Korea and Venezuela, the importance of the post-Soviet space for the US foreign policy has declined, U.S. aid to the region was cut. However, the Trump Administration maintains interest in keeping loyal elites in power to ensure the implementation of reforms and business projects, in particular, with a view to export U.S. military equipment and liquefied natural gas. The U.S. primary goal is to counteract Russian influence in the region, to prevent post-Soviet republics from building stronger ties with Moscow and reorient them towards the «collective West».
About the Author
V. A. Ponomarev
Foreign Ministry of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir A. Ponomarev
bld. 32/34, Smolenskaya-Sennaya sq., Moscow, 119200
References
1. Congressional Research Service, Democracy Promotion: An Objective of U.S. Foreign Assistance, Washington DC: 2019. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44858.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
2. Global Democracy Promotion Act. https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/119 (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
3. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-civilian-security-democracy-and-human-rights/ (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
4. Carothers T. Aiding Democracy Abroad: The Learning Curve. Washington DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; 1999. P. 22-27.
5. Burnell P. Democracy Assistance: International Co-operation for Democratization. New York: Routledge Tailor & Francis Group; 2013. P. 38.
6. U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, Strategic Plan Fiscal Years 2004-2009, Washington DC, 2003. https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/24299.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
7. U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, Strategic Plan Fiscal Years 2007-2012, Washington DC, 2007. https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/86291.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
8. U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, Strategic Plan Fiscal Years 2014-2017, Washington DC, 2014. https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1868/State%20USAID%20Joint%20Strategic%20Plan%202014-04-02.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
9. U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, Joint Strategic Plan Fiscal Years 2018-2022, Washington DC, 2018. https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1870/JSP_FY_2018-2022_FINAL.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
10. Valery N. Soyfer The Intellectual Elite and Philantropy. Moscow: DDF Foundation; 2005. P. 672.
11. International Republican Institute. https://www. iri.org/ (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
12. H.R. 4547 — Freedom for Russia and Emerging Euroasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992. March 24, 1992. https://www.congress.gov/bill/102nd-congress/house-bill/4547 (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
13. National Security Strategy of Enlargement and Engagement // National Security Strat egy Archive, 1994. https://history.defense.gov/Portals/70/Documents/nss/nss1994.pdf?ver=2014-06-25-121219-500 (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
14. Democracy Promotion Programs Funded by The US Government — «Brown Report». Report to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and The House Foreign Affairs Committee of the U.S. Congress// Federation of American Scientists, 1994. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44858.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
15. Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 // U.S. Congress, 1993. https://www.congress.gov/103/bills/hr2333/BILLS-103hr2333enr.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
16. White House Archives. 2006. https://georgew-bush-whitehouse.archives.gov/nsc/nss/2006/sectionI.html (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
17. U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development, Strategic Plan Fiscal Years 2007-2012, Washington DC, 2007. https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/86291.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
18. Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review: Enduring Leadership in a Dynamic World Department of State and USAID// United States Agency for International Development, 2015 https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1870/QDDR2015.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
19. The First Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review: Leading Through Civilian Power Department of State and USAID. https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/153142.pdf (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
20. The United States Agency for International Development. Office of Transition Initiatives. http://usaid.gov/political-transition-initiatives/where-we-work/ (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
21. The United States Agency for International Development. https://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
22. The United States Agency for International Development. https://www.usaid.gov/uk/ukraine (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
23. The United States Agency for International Development. https://www.usaid.gov/belarus (дата обращения 13.03.2020).
24. The United States Agency for International Development. https://www.usaid.gov/armenia (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
25. The United States Agency for International Development. https://www.usaid.gov/ru/node/55556 (дата обращения: 13.02.2020).
Review
For citations:
Ponomarev V.A. The U.S. Policy of Democracy Promotion in the Post-Soviet Space. Post-Soviet Issues. 2020;7(1):18-28. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2020-7-1-18-28
Views:
2655
Email this article 