Review and Analysis of the Effectiveness of International Regulations and laws in the Field of Integrated Water Resources Management in Central Asia
https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-1-20-43
Abstract
An analysis of the effectiveness of the work of regulatory legal acts and laws of the Kyrgyz Republic on integrated water resources management was carried out in order to identify causal relationships of work / not work, as well as recommendations on the necessary measures for the effective work of regulatory legal acts (NLA) in this area were developed. Also, as part of the preparation of this work, successful cases were prepared on the work of the NLA and the laws of the Kyrgyz Republic and Central Asia, transboundary and basin water resources management. The work was structured as follows: collecting the necessary materials, studying, analyzing, making recommendations. To date, Kyrgyzstan has not implemented the provisions of the Water Code. The State Water Administration and its Basin Structures, Irrigation and Drainage Commissions, Dam Safety, etc. have not been created. Water resources management is still carried out on an administrative basis, not on a basin basis. The work used various literary sources, archival data, Internet resources, etc., links to which are given in the article.
About the Authors
Zh. E. Kulenbekov
American University of Central Asia
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Zheenbek E. Kulenbekov, Doctor of natural sciences
bld. 7/6. Aaly Tokombayeva St. Bishkek, 720060
S. Zh. Orunbaev
American University of Central Asia
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Sagynbek Zh. Orunbaev, Doctor of physics-mathematical sciences
bld. 7/6. Aaly Tokombayeva St. Bishkek, 720060
B. D. Asanov
American University of Central Asia
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Baktyar D. Asanov, Master of chemical sciences
bld. 7/6. Aaly Tokombayeva St. Bishkek, 720060
E. P. Sakhvaeva
Kyrgyz Scientific-Research Irrigation Institute
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Ekaterina P. Sakhvaeva
bld. 4A, Toktonalieva str.. Bishkek, 720055
References
1. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) URL: http://www.cawater-info.net/bk/8-1.htm#:~:text= [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
2. Gorshkov N.I., Sokolov V.I. Integrated Water Resources Management — Global Water Partnership (GWP), Technical Advisory Committee (TSC), GWP Secretariat — Central Asia and the Caucasus, IWMI Office, 700000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. 2000. URL: https://www.gwp.org/globalassets/global/toolbox/publications/background-papers/04-integrated-water-resources-management-2000-russian.pdf [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
3. Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015. United Nations A/ RES/70/1. Distr.: General. 21 October 2015. URL: http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=R [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
4. Eckstein G. Entry into Force and Prospects for Expansion of the 1997 UN Watercourses Convention: Expert Opinions. 2016. UNEP. URL: http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/watlib/watlib-19-2016.pdf [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
5. Dukhovny V.A. et al. The role of two global water conventions for promoting integrated water resources management in the Republic of Uzbekistan and maintaining transboundary cooperation in Central Asia. Tashkent: MKVK; 2016. 100 p. (In Russ.)
6. Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Helsinki, 17 March 1992). URL: http://www.unece.org/env/water/ [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
7. Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters [Aarhus Convention]. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/orhus.shtml [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
8. Vinogradov S. International Seminar: «Legal Basis for Cooperation in the Use and Protection of Transboundary Waters». November 22-24, 2004. Kiev, University of Dundee, Great Britain. URL: https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/cwc/legal/Backgroundpaper_vinogradov.pdf [Accessed: 18.04.2021] (In Russ.)
9. Barbuk A. Correlation of international and domestic law: theoretical aspects. Journal of International Law and International Relations. 2005;1:10 (In Russ.)
10. Economic commission for Europe, United nations frequently asked questions about the 1992 transboundary waters convention. URL: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2021-07/2009718_R_pdf_web.pdf [Accessed: 15.01.2022] (In Russ.)
11. Rysbekov Yu.Kh., Rysbekov A.Yu. On some issues of the implementation of global Water Conventions in national legislation (on the example of Uzbekistan). URL:http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/watlib/watlib-19-2016.pdf [Accessed: 15.01.2022] (In Russ.)
12. Water Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (with amendments and additions as of 28.12.2018). URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1042116 [Accessed: 18.04.2021] (In Russ.)
13. Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic. Adopted by referendum (popular vote). June 27, 2010. URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/202913?cl=ru-ru [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
14. Law of the Kyrgyz Republic. January 14, 1994. №1422-XII «On water». URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/729?cl=ru-ru [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
15. Water Code of the Kyrgyz Republic. January 12, 2005. №8. URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/1605 [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
16. Law of the Kyrgyz Republic. On the Interstate Use of Water Bodies, Water Resources and Water Management Facilities of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek. July 23, 2001. №76. URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/483 [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
17. Decree of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic «On the spheres of activity of the ministries of the Kyrgyz Republic in matters of foreign policy and foreign economic activity». April 14, 1997. №210. URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/34327 [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
18. Water Code of the Republic of Tajikistan. 29.11. 2000, 2020 Dushanbe. URL: https://www.mewr.tj/?p=1163 [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
19. Water Code of Turkmenistan as amended on October 15, 2016. (As amended by the Laws of Turkmenistan dated 05.01.2018, No. 685-V, 20.10.2018). URL: http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/tuk184359.pdf [Accessed: 23.04.2021] (In Russ.)
20. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On water and water use». May 6, 1993. (Bulletin of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 1993, No. 5, art. 221; №1-2, Art.23; 2004, №1-2, Art. 18). URL: https://parliament.gov.uz/ru/search/index.php?PAGEN_1=8&q=%D1%81%D1%82.+9&s= [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
21. Almaty Declaration, Almaty, September 28, 1997. URL: http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/almaty.pdf [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
22. Regulations on IFAS and Agreement on the status of IFAS and the Ashgabat Declaration was signed. URL: https://www.mfa.gov.tm/ru/articles/56?breadcrumbs=no&title=aral [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
23. Dushanbe Declaration of the Heads of State of Central Asia. October 6, 2002. URL: https://mfa.tj/ru/main/view/146/tadzhikistan-i-mezhdunarodnyi-fond-spaseniya-arala [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
24. Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republic of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan «On cooperation in the field of joint management of the use and protection of water resources of interstate sources». Alma-Ata. February 18, 1992. URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1045698 [Accessed: 18.02.2021] (In Russ.)
25. Regulations on the International Fund for Salving the Aral. 26.03.1993. URL: http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/ifas/ifas_8.pdf [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
26. About the National Water Council. February 3, 2006. №64. URL: http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/57092?cl=ru-ru [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
27. 70th meeting of the Interstate Commission for Water Coordination (ICWC) of Central Asia. April 11-12, 2017. Tashkent. URL: http://sreda.uz/rubriki/voda/70-e-zasedanie-mkvk-sostoyalos-v-tashkente/ [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
28. Valentini K.L., Orolbaev E.E., Abylgazieva A.K. Water Problems of Central Asia. Bishkek: 2004; International Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic. 142 p. (In Russ.)
29. Dukhovny V.A., Schutter L.G. Water in Central Asia Past, Present and Future. UNESCO-IHE and SIC ICWC. URL: http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/water_in_central_asia.pdf [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
30. Swiss Grant Agreement (Additional Funding for the National Water Resources Management Project) between the Kyrgyz Republic and the International Development Association, 2015-2019. URL: https://nwrmp.water.gov.kg/?p=5534 [Accessed: 13.02.2021] (In Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Kulenbekov Zh.E., Orunbaev S.Zh., Asanov B.D., Sakhvaeva E.P. Review and Analysis of the Effectiveness of International Regulations and laws in the Field of Integrated Water Resources Management in Central Asia. Post-Soviet Issues. 2022;9(1):20-43. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2022-9-1-20-43
Views:
1235
Email this article 